205/22 | Review Article | Wild Life Sciences

Understanding the Distribution and Preponderance of Canine Distemper Virus Among Wild Animals in India

College of Animal Biotechnology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University (GADVASU), Ludhiana 141004, Punjab

Abstract

Hardpad is a disease of canines that causes high mortality during severe infection. Its prevalence is steadily increasing worldwide. In India, a great disaster was experienced in Gujarat Sanctuary with the loss of Asiatic lions that has attracted the attention of Veterinarians, Researchers and Public towards the cause of disease as Canine Distemper Virus (CDV). In this context, this review summarizes prevalence of the disease in canines and circulation of CDV strain in the country. High CDV prevalence reported through different studies in India revealed the precise wide spread existence of virus infection. Meta-analysis divulged the distribution of CDV according to sexes, age group and vaccination status; where it was commonly found to be dispersed in both sex, all age group animals and mostly in non-vaccinated or non-booster applicants, respectively. From the geographical distribution aspect, this may be concluded that it is circulating all over the India with higher predominance in Southern area as compared to the Northern states. Phylogenetic analysis of Indian CDV sequences provided a clear indication of high divergence of Indian sequences with Ondersteport vaccine and other Asian CDV strains. This imparts an idea to develop a vaccine using local Indian CDV strain(s) that could help to provide sufficient immune response to the pets and stray animals which act as reservoir for the virus and may proceed as a serious threat to the wild animals. The study further w

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