General Article | Veterinary Clinical Medicine

Bovine Mastitis: Special Emphasis on Advances in the Diagnostic Techniques

Division of Veterinary Medicine, F.V.Sc. & A.H., SKUAST-J, R.S. Pura, Jammu, J&K

Abstract

Mastitis is a multi-etiological disease caused by more than 150 different bacterial species and subspecies in high yielding cowsresulting in great economic loss to farmers and dairy industries. Diagnosis of clinical mastitis is based on clinical signs, whereas detection of sub clinical mastitis is still a challenge for veterinarians. Diagnostic tests such as Somatic cell count, California mastitis test and Enzymatic testshelps in identifying subclinical cases, more advanced Molecular techniques such as PCR, ELISA, Nanotechnology based diagnosis, protein based are shown to detect the mastitis causing organisms.PCR based techniques like Multiplex PCR, Real-time PCR, Loop-mediated isothermal amplification detects the pathogenic organisms with high specificity and sensitivity, made it as a new gold standard test when compared to culture isolation in diagnosing mastitis at early stages of infection thereby helps in prevention of economic losses to farmers and dairy industry.

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